痔疮
Traditional Chinese Medicine Definition
In traditional Chinese medicine, hemorrhoids are referred to as "痔核," and they fall under the category of external diseases. According to the "Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine," hemorrhoids are caused by the dysfunction of the internal organs, leading to an imbalance in the circulation of Qi and blood, which results in the stagnation of the anal venous plexus and the formation of swellings. The characteristic symptoms include the appearance of swellings in the anal area, accompanied by bleeding, pain, and itching.
In clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, the core pathogenesis of hemorrhoids is the dysfunction of the internal organs and the imbalance in the circulation of Qi and blood, leading to the stagnation of the anal venous plexus. Common precipitating factors include irregular diet, prolonged sitting or standing, constipation, and diarrhea. During the process of differentiation, the following key points should be noted:
1. Wind-heat and dryness of the intestines: Characterized by fresh red blood in stools, burning sensation in the anus, and dry, hard stools. The therapeutic approach is to clear heat, cool the blood, and moisten the intestines for defecation.
2. Damp-heat descending: Marked by anal swellings, dampness and itching, and sticky stools. The therapeutic approach is to clear heat and resolve dampness, reduce swelling, and alleviate pain.
3. Deficiency and descent of Qi: Characterized by anal prolapse, the need to manually push the prolapsed mass back, and fatigue. The therapeutic approach is to tonify Qi, elevate it, and stop bleeding.
Overall therapeutic direction: In the clinical treatment of hemorrhoids, traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes harmonizing Qi and blood, and unblocking the meridians. According to different patterns, appropriate treatment methods should be adopted. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that by adjusting diet, improving lifestyle, and using internal and external herbal applications, hemorrhoid symptoms can be effectively alleviated, and the quality of life of patients can be improved.
Common Syndrome Types and Key Points of Differentiation
风热肠燥证
Main Manifestations：便血鲜红,肛门灼热,大便干结
Management Approach：清热凉血,润肠通便
湿热下注证
Main Manifestations：肛门肿物,潮湿瘙痒,大便黏滞
Management Approach：清热利湿,消肿止痛
气虚下陷证
Main Manifestations：肛门坠胀,肿物脱出需手托回纳,乏力
Management Approach：补气升提,固脱止血
The above syndrome information is based on traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and clinical standards. Specific differentiation should be completed by a practicing traditional Chinese medicine physician in person.
Physician's Clinical Insights
The symptoms of hemorrhoid patients vary, and the treatment should be selected according to the condition, choosing suitable methods for clearing heat, moistening the intestines, or removing wind and unblocking the collaterals.
— 陈燕 中医执业医师
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This page is for the popular science of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Specific diagnosis should be completed by a licensed traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in person.
参考文献：《中医内科学》（十三五规划教材）、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1-94)、《中医病证分类与代码》(GB/T 15657-2021)