积滞
Alias小儿消化不良
Traditional Chinese Medicine Definition
In traditional Chinese medicine, "Accumulation and Retention" (also known as infantile dyspepsia) falls under the category of pediatric diseases. It is described in the field of internal medicine as a condition caused by weakened spleen and stomach, irregularity in milk and food intake, leading to improper transformation of the spleen and stomach, with milk and food stagnating in the intestines and stomach, resulting in symptoms such as abdominal distension, vomiting, and diarrhea. The pathogenesis of accumulation and retention is rooted in weakened spleen and stomach, with food and milk retention as the manifestation. Treatment should focus on strengthening the spleen and harmonizing the stomach, and promoting digestion.
The clinical diagnosis of accumulation and retention primarily revolves around the core pathogenesis of weakened spleen and stomach. Common triggers include irregular diet, improper feeding, and weakened spleen and stomach. During diagnosis, it is important to differentiate between cold and heat, as well as deficiency and excess. For example, the accumulation of milk and food manifests as abdominal distension, belching, regurgitation of undigested food, and acid-smelling stools; the treatment approach is to digest milk and food, and harmonize the middle-jiao. In cases of spleen deficiency with retention, symptoms include sallow complexion, fatigue, lack of appetite, abdominal fullness, and a preference for pressing; the treatment approach is to strengthen the spleen, aid in transportation, and combine both digestion and supplementation. In clinical practice, the treatment of accumulation and retention emphasizes holistic adjustment, emphasizing the restoration of spleen and stomach function, and achieving the goal of digestion and elimination through dietary adjustments and lifestyle improvements.
Common Syndrome Types and Key Points of Differentiation
乳食内积证
Main Manifestations：脘腹胀满，嗳腐吞酸，呕吐不消化食物，大便酸臭
Management Approach：消乳化食，和中导滞
脾虚夹积证
Main Manifestations：面色萎黄，困倦乏力，不思乳食，腹满喜按
Management Approach：健脾助运，消补兼施
The above syndrome information is based on traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and clinical standards. Specific differentiation should be completed by a practicing traditional Chinese medicine physician in person.
Physician's Clinical Insights
Children with accumulation and retention often suffer from weakened spleen and stomach. The fundamental treatment lies in strengthening the spleen and stomach, and promoting digestion and elimination.
— 李明久 中医执业医师
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This page is for the popular science of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Specific diagnosis should be completed by a licensed traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in person.
参考文献：《中医内科学》（十三五规划教材）、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1-94)、《中医病证分类与代码》(GB/T 15657-2021)