水肿
Alias浮肿
Traditional Chinese Medicine Definition
In traditional Chinese medicine, "edema," also known as "swelling," refers to a pathological condition where fluid accumulates within the body, leading to localized or systemic swelling. According to the "Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine," edema is caused by the dysfunction of the lung, spleen, and kidney organs, which obstructs fluid metabolism, resulting in the retention of dampness and its overflow into the skin.
In clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, the core pathogenesis of edema involves the failure of the lung to regulate, the spleen to transform and transport, and the kidney to open and close, leading to disorders in fluid metabolism. Common precipitating factors include irregular diet, emotional injury, excessive fatigue, etc. During differentiation of symptoms, it is essential to distinguish between cold and heat, deficiency and excess. For instance, the "wind-water泛滥" pattern often presents with eyelid swelling, followed by swelling of the limbs and the whole body, with a rapid onset, indicating an invasion of the lung by wind pathogen. Treatment should focus on expelling wind and clearing heat, and promoting lung function and diuresis. The "dampness saturation" pattern, on the other hand, manifests as generalized edema, with the skin indented upon pressure, reduced urine output, and a sensation of body heaviness, indicating spleen deficiency and dampness excess. Treatment should aim at strengthening the spleen, transforming dampness, and promoting diuresis. The overall approach to treatment suggests regulating the lung, spleen, and kidney organs to restore normal fluid metabolism and alleviate edema symptoms.
Common Syndrome Types and Key Points of Differentiation
风水泛滥证
Main Manifestations：眼睑浮肿，继则四肢及全身皆肿，来势迅速
Management Approach：疏风清热，宣肺利水
水湿浸渍证
Main Manifestations：全身水肿，按之没指，小便短少，身体困重
Management Approach：健脾化湿，通阳利水
The above syndrome information is based on traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and clinical standards. Specific differentiation should be completed by a practicing traditional Chinese medicine physician in person.
Physician's Clinical Insights
The key to treating edema patients lies in promoting diuresis without harming the body's vital energy, while also focusing on strengthening the spleen and transforming dampness.
— 陈燕 中医执业医师
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This page is for the popular science of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Specific diagnosis should be completed by a licensed traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in person.
参考文献：《中医内科学》（十三五规划教材）、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1-94)、《中医病证分类与代码》(GB/T 15657-2021)