痉证
Alias抽搐
Traditional Chinese Medicine Definition
In traditional Chinese medicine,痉证, also known as convulsion, falls under the category of liver and gallbladder diseases. According to the records in "Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine,"痉证 refers to a disease characterized by spasms, stiffness, and opisthotonos of the limbs, caused by the invasion of pathogenic factors or internal injury. The pathogenesis of the disease is often related to internal movement of liver wind and malnutrition of the tendons and vessels.
In clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, the core pathogenesis of痉证 is the internal movement of liver wind and malnutrition of the tendons and vessels. Common precipitating factors include external pathogenic invasion, emotional disturbances, and irregular diet. During the process of differentiation, attention should be paid to distinguishing the nature of cold and heat, and the excess and deficiency. For instance, the syndrome of pathogenic qi blocking the meridians presents with symptoms such as headache, stiffness of the neck and back, aversion to cold, fever, and heavy limbs, with the treatment approach focusing on dispelling wind and cold, drying dampness, and harmonizing the nutrient. The syndrome of excessive heat in the liver channel manifests with symptoms such as lockjaw, biting teeth, restlessness of the hands and feet, and opisthotonos, with the treatment approach focusing on clearing the liver, subduing the yang, and calming the spasms. The overall approach to treatment suggests that it is essential to harmonize the liver and spleen, nourish yin and subdue yang, in order to restore the normal function of the tendons and vessels.
Common Syndrome Types and Key Points of Differentiation
邪壅经络证
Main Manifestations：头痛项背强直，恶寒发热，肢体酸重
Management Approach：祛风散寒，燥湿和营
肝经热盛证
Main Manifestations：口噤齿介齿，手足躁动，角弓反张
Management Approach：清肝潜阳，息风镇痉
The above syndrome information is based on traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and clinical standards. Specific differentiation should be completed by a practicing traditional Chinese medicine physician in person.
Physician's Clinical Insights
In clinical practice, observing the frequency and duration of limb spasms in patients with spasms can help determine the depth and nature of the pathogenic factors.
— 李明久 中医执业医师
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This page is for the popular science of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Specific diagnosis should be completed by a licensed traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in person.
参考文献：《中医内科学》（十三五规划教材）、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1-94)、《中医病证分类与代码》(GB/T 15657-2021)