Traditional Chinese Medicine Definition

In traditional Chinese medicine, rotator cuff injury falls under the category of "muscle and tendon injury," referring to the damage of soft tissues such as muscles, tendons, and ligaments surrounding the shoulder joint. According to the classical text "Internal Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine," it is described as: "Rotator cuff injury is caused by falls, twists, strains, and other factors that damage the tendons and meridians of the shoulder, leading to obstructed circulation of Qi and blood, resulting in pain due to obstruction."

肩袖损伤在中医临床中，其核心病机为筋脉受损，气血运行不畅。常见诱因包括跌扑损伤、扭挫伤以及长期劳损等。辨证时需注意区分以下关键点：

1. 寒热虚实：寒湿侵袭者，肩部疼痛，遇寒加剧；热毒侵袭者，肩部红肿热痛；气血虚者，肩部酸软无力，肌肉萎缩。

2. 病位与病性：病位在肩部，病性以疼痛、酸软、无力为主。

3. 活动受限：肩关节活动受限，尤其是外展、外旋、后伸等动作。

整体调理方向提示：中医临床中，治疗肩袖损伤多采用活血化瘀、理气止痛、养血荣筋、通络止痛等方法。通过中药内服、外敷，以及针灸、推拿等综合疗法，以促进气血运行，修复损伤组织，缓解疼痛，恢复肩关节功能。传统中医认为，治疗时应根据具体证型，灵活运用不同治疗方法，以达到最佳疗效。

Common Syndrome Types and Key Points of Differentiation

气滞血瘀证

Main Manifestations：肩部刺痛固定,活动痛甚

Management Approach：活血化瘀,理气止痛

筋脉失养证

Main Manifestations：肩部酸软无力,抬举困难,肌肉萎缩

Management Approach：养血荣筋,通络止痛

The above syndrome information is based on traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and clinical standards. Specific differentiation should be completed by a practicing traditional Chinese medicine physician in person.

Physician's Clinical Insights

肩袖损伤患者多因筋伤骨错，注重理筋正骨，恢复肩关节功能。

— 范立中医执业助理医师

Reviewed by：范立（中医执业助理医师）｜ 2026-07-08 ｜ Version 2

Guidance for Nearby Treatment

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This page is for the popular science of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Specific diagnosis should be completed by a licensed traditional Chinese medicine practitioner in person.

参考文献：《中医内科学》（十三五规划教材）、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.1-94)、《中医病证分类与代码》(GB/T 15657-2021)

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肩袖损伤